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\

\_ (where _ is blank)

  • Ordinary whitespace to be used after a dot not denoting the end of a sentence
  • After commands without parameters use \~ (tilde) instead in order to avoid browser specific problems

\,

  • \, inserts the smallest predefined space in a formula
  • Equivalent: \hspace{2}
  • Ex.: $$a\,b$$ gives a\,b
  • Ex.: $$a~\hspace{2}~b$$ gives also a~\hspace{2}~b

\;

  • \; (backslash semicolon) inserts the third smallest predefined space in a formula
  • Equivalent: \hspace{6}
  • Ex.: $$a\;b$$ gives a\;b
  • Ex.: $$a~\hspace{6}~b$$ gives also a~\hspace{6}~b

\:

  • \: inserts the second smallest predefined space in a formula
  • Equivalent: \hspace{4}
  • Ex.: $$a\:b$$ gives a\:b
  • Ex.: $$a~\hspace{4}~b$$ gives also a~\hspace{4}~b

\/ (backslash slash)

  • \/ (backslash slash) avoids ligatures
  • Ex.: $$V\/A$$ gives V\/A in contrast to $$VA$$ which gives VA

\~

  • In order to prevent some browser specific problems with whitespaces, it is advisable to use ~ (tilde) as the whitespace instead of the normal blank key (in places where whitespaces are mandatory, e.g. after commands).
  • Ex.: $$\frac~xy$$ to produce \frac~xy
  • Ex.: $$\sqrt~n$$ to produce \sqrt~n

\hspace{n}

  • inserts a space of n pixels
  • Ex.: $$f(x)\hspace{6}=\hspace{6}0$$ gives f(x)\hspace{6}=\hspace{6}0
  • can be combined with the preceding command \unitlength{m}(default: m=1px) , which defines the applied unit
  • Ex.: $$\unitlength{20}a\hspace{2}b$$ gives \unitlength{20}a\hspace{2}b , i.e. a space of 20x2=40px

\LARGE (all capital letters)

  • Everthing following the \LARGE command will be output in the largest predefined font size until the system encounters another font size command.
  • Note: This command is case sensitive, since large, Large and LARGE are different sizes! 
  • Ex.: $$\LARGE~3x$$ gives \LARGE~3x

\Large (L capital letter)

  • Everthing following the \Large command will be output in the second largest font size until the system encounters another font size command.
  • Note: This command is case sensitive, since large, Large and LARGE are different sizes! 
  • Ex.: $$\Large~3x$$ gives \Large~3x

\large (all lower case letters)

  • Everthing following the \large command will be output in the large font size until the system encounters another font size command.
  • Note: This command is case sensitive, since large, Large and LARGE are different sizes! 
  • Ex.: $$\large~3x$$ gives \large~3x

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